If you try to install the latest CU or security patch, we can get the following error "there-are-no-sql-server-instances-or-shared-features-that-can-be-updated".

To overcome this situation, try and install the latest SP that is above...

Steps to write the backup file to a different domain:

1. Login to the SQL server under the sql server startup account

2. Map a drive for this UNC path...

Change the recovery model from simple to full or full to simple - this will reset all the bitmaps.

Then perform a full backup. Set the database to the recovery...