How old is the oldest transaction?  Sounds like you might have a long-ago task that couldn't complete for some reason.  Remember, with replication, SQL can't reuse any part of the log until...

I suppose you could create a computed column(s) in a dummy table, with a base dummy column, assuming you could live with the overhead of creating a separate computed column...

SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;
GO
CREATE TRIGGER udLaborTracking__TRG_UPD_Set_LastJob
ON dbo.udLaborTracking
AFTER UPDATE
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF UPDATE(Job)
BEGIN
  UPDATE ult  /*this is critical:...

Since the values are purely numeric -- int in this case -- you can handle up to 3 values without having to use XML.  Because of the overhead of invoking...

If you're on an installed version of SQL, rather than SQL Azure, just create the proc in the master db, mark it as special, and then it will run in...

Ethically, I don't like commenting at all on test dumps.

But G isn't right either, no matter what MS says.  The valid datetime comparison for the year of 2014...

Try using the 
FOR XML
option in the SQL query (SELECT).\

I'm not sure if that will work as you want it to (I think it probably should), and...

;WITH cte_assign_Item_ID_values AS (
  SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY Ref ORDER BY Traveller) AS row_num
  FROM dbo.table_name
)
UPDATE cte_assign_Item_ID_values
SET Item_ID = row_num

Don't use a temp table (I didn't).  Just use a "real" table name.  Not a bad idea to keep a copy of what was exported until the next run anyway. ...

bcp exports the results of a table, view or query, not the results of a procedure execution.

You'll need to capture the results of the proc into a table,...

Great, I'm very glad it helped!

Much harder without consumable sample data, but something like below should be really close at least.  I'm not 100% sure on the specific end date determination you want, but you...

All taxing authorities I know of at least allow rounding of tax amounts, and afaik all businesses do it.  After all, it's ultimately extra money to them to charge more...

I don't believe there is, since the value is rounded up.  You can calc the rate that would produce the rounded-up amount, but I can't see how  you would ever...