I find that I give an author some leeway if English isn't his first language.  (Ferrari & Russo's stuff is a prime example - their English is quirky, but understandable)....

Can't you do this? If you use TOP 100 PERCENT, you can use ORDER BY.

CREATE VIEW vwFirstInstances
AS
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT...

"having negative values should be treated as zero or ignored" - you would have to either deal with that in your stored procedure or create a calculated field to do...

I don't think a negative size makes sense in a TreeMap.  How would that be represented when it expresses a number as a size?

Here's an article that shows you how...
https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/3453/sql-server-reporting-services-reports-with-optional-query-parameters/

What did you try? As stated, it almost sounds like homework.

"PatchTime column which is nvarchar datatype"  Why?  Because storing it as a date with time would be too...

Are you saying that there is a database for which you are the admin? Then you can put DelimitedSplit8K there and reference it using the 4-part naming syntax.  Lots of...

Are you connecting to Oracle?

If you are always going to filter a column, you could use a parameterized stored procedure...
CREATE PROC GetMyData
   @param1 VARCHAR(20)
AS
SELECT...

If the two datasets have one or more fields in common, then you can use LOOKUP, otherwise, you're stuck I think.

Does the GetData dataset have a DepartmentID or some way to relate the two datasets? You could use LOOKUP to grab a value from the other dataset.  Then hiding the...

DECLARE @Ref VARCHAR(7) = '103-B00';
SELECT LEFT(@Ref,CHARINDEX('-',@Ref,1)-1);

Consumable data?

Can you post the values assigned to the input parameters when you called it? And the CREATE TABLE script for the table you're inserting into?

If all you want is a verbatim copy as a base for your new stored procedure, you can do something like this:

Right-click on the stored procedure you want...