A few things. First, Adventureworks is built as a sample to show off features for Microsoft. It's not necessarily a great database design.

A PK is for uniqueness in...

I prefer the windowing function in general, but you ought to test both, watching the number of logical reads each incurs.

You can read about log escalation, but if you are updating lots of rows, SQL might decide it's quicker to get an exclusive table lock rather than thousands of individual...

The results aren't in memory, but rather the table data used to generate the results. When you query the table, SQL Server loads most of the data into the buffer...

The answer here is A. You restore the database since there was no corruption in that backup. Of course, you need to re-run dbcc to verify this after the restore.

The exams do give you a study path, but not sure that's what you need here. It can't hurt if you study the concepts for the exams and practice.

https://www.sqlservercentral.com/Forums/Topic696229-149-1.aspx

Shouldn't be an issue. Nothing in here should be executable if SQL Server created them. If you're nervous, maybe use Wordpad or Notepad++

One time import. The thumbprint is the same thumbprint.

If the password changes, do you mean the password for the backup of the cert? Or the certificate itself? If...

What's the sql assistant?

Simplest, cheapest, backup and restore.
Complex and cheap, replication, but likely to be an ongoing source of headaches
If you have the capability, availability groups work well.

SAN snapshots...

I agree with Grant. Education is important, but when users are causing issues, I also do let my manager know. Not to complain, but to document that I'm trying to...

It does take CPU, which is bundled into your DTU limit cost. You don't incur more cost for worse queries, unlike storing more data. However, more DTUs/query does impact performance,...

I'd look at dba tools, it was built for this and has lots of options to help.

Easiest to understand in a web scenario. Right now, I could use the Azure Portal to provision a web server from some template. That would include the files for the...