Why is it important for you to do this?  Often an index scan is the more appropriate operation.  We'll need, at the very minimum, table DDL and the query you...

It looks as if the SQL Server Browser service isn't working properly on Node 1, then.  What happens if you try to connect from a different computer - your own...

EXECUTE AS CALLER isn't specified....

What was the something that happened to the database?  Do you have a backup of the database taken before that thing happened?

John

Taken from Microsoft's EXECUTE AS page:
To specify EXECUTE AS on a login, the caller must have IMPERSONATE permission on the specified login name and must not be denied the IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN permission. To specify EXECUTE...

You didn't confirm that SQL Server Browser is running on both nodes.

When you say you can only connect in Node1, does that mean that when you run SSMS...

A strange way to do things.  I prefer to use DML commands for what are essentially DML operations.  If you use DDL commands, the user executing them needs higher permissions...

Luckily, Name is one of the properties that the command returns:

Get-Cluster | fl...

You need to connect to the clustered name, not the individual node name.  And if the SQL Server Browser service isn't running on the node on which the instance is...

First attempt:
What you're describing is a DML operation - moving data from one table to another (let's disregard the fact that TRUNCATE TABLE is technically a DDL operation).  ALTER...