SQL instance cannot use all CPU cores

  • Hello colleagues. We have an issue with one customer where we support SQL services. The customer uses some kind of cloud virtualization and the issue is that SQL cannot use all of CPU cores that are assigned to the VM and OS. So my question would be:

    Are there some limitations for number of cores that can be used by SQL Service?

    We are running SQL 2008 R2 Enterprise Edition, so it should not be Edition or license related issue I guess.

    There is no affinity configured on SQL level nor on the OS level for the SQL process.

    Following query gives me following result:

    select scheduler_id, cpu_id, status, is_online

    from sys.dm_os_schedulers

    where status = 'VISIBLE ONLINE' or status = 'VISIBLE OFFLINE'

    05VISIBLE ONLINE1

    16VISIBLE ONLINE1

    27VISIBLE ONLINE1

    38VISIBLE OFFLINE0

    49VISIBLE OFFLINE0

    50VISIBLE ONLINE1

    61VISIBLE ONLINE1

    72VISIBLE ONLINE1

    83VISIBLE ONLINE1

    94VISIBLE ONLINE1

    And yes now the perhaps most obvious part, our cloud solution provider is delivering us 10 core VMs with two 5-cores CPUs. My believe is that this is the reason why SQL cannot use all 10 cores but is only using 8 of them. But I haven't found any explanation I could give to cloud provider to make them use some reasonable numbers of cores like 4-8-12-16.

    I would appreciate any feedback on this topic. Thank you.

  • The maximum number of processors 2008R2 can see is 8.

    I am guessing the cpu's your seeing have all been set to 10x1 core vCPU's instead of 2x5core vCPU's

  • Hi Anthony, thank you very much for fast response. I did not really thought about this, you are absolutely right about the vCPU configuration, its really added as 10x1-core CPU. I didn't even know that Enterprise Edition was ever limited on CPU count. Even SQL 2008 R1 seems to be OS max limited only and in R2 they changed to 8 CPUs.

    So thanks again.

  • Yeah, they changed the licensing model as well between 2008 and 2008R2 with the addition of the Data Center edition.

    We toyed with the idea of upgrading but would of cost to much to switch the 2008 Enterprise to 2008R2 Data Center licenses to keep the unlimited visualization rights, so the company decided not to pursue that option due.

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