What happens if you use a sub query to get the minimum value for each partition, and then get the min of that?
i.e. Something like this:
SELECT MIN(MinIntDate)
FROM (SELECT PartitionID, MIN(IntDate) MinIntDate
FROM dbo.ExampleTablePartitioned
GROUP BY PartitionID) a
or
SELECT MIN(MinIntDate)
FROM (SELECT PartitionID FROM dbo.ExampleTable GROUP BY PartitionID) a
CROSS APPLY (SELECT MIN(IntDate) MinIntDate
FROM dbo.ExampleTable b
WHERE B.PartitionID = a.PartitionID) c