Thank you for the reply - I sure like SQL Central - lots of good info.

It is good for us all to state and understand that join fields need to be of same type.

However, my central question - very specifically - when/why is the N needed.

Specifically in a database upgrade from varchar to nvarchar.

If 250 out of 2500 SPs contain constant value parameters being set in queries...

Do all those SPs and statements now need change - with an N in front of the constant?

I hypothesize that the N ONLY MATTERS when the constant's value is outside the database collation.

I am not changing the collation.

I do not think all those SP lines need changing.

Thoughts?