What is the collation?

Does it look that way in SSMS (or another application/client?)

If SSMS, check this article for how to set grid to display unicode characters. It suggests Arial...

I've attached the sample data

Where? I don't see any input data.

Arithmetic overflow error converting nvarchar to data type numeric.

For what value(s)?

Can you provide DDL & sample data scripts to reproduce?

I realize this probably isn't your design, but it's a great...

If it's varchar and not nvarchar...

That's probably not the actual character -- rather what SSMS is translating it to for display.

You can use a tally table or tally function (see...

Is this for reporting queries? Is this approach driven by knowledge/belief that the query is too expensive to run repeatedly or blocks other processes? Are the tables used in the...

1. Is there a reason you can't use a sequence?
2. Cross apply to Tally table or tally function where Number <= 25 if 1-based or 24 if 0-based

You can replicate to multiple subscribers on multiple servers.

Replication shouldn't care what edition.

Check out Aaron Bertrand's article: What is the fastest way to calculate the median?

@CleanupTime is in hours. Four weeks is 672 hours.

I strongly encourage you to store date/time data as datetime or datetime2 datatype, not varchar. This will enable use datetime math and/or functions, efficiently compare datetime values, & to avoid...

No. Other sessions won't change your session's transaction count (except perhaps if they caused sufficient blocking to make your connection/transaction time out).

A trigger could execute in/as a result of your...

What is the data type for the source date columns? char(6)? int? Or are they actually date datatype?

Are you talking about a deployed report in a browser?

If so, have you verified that it does nothing using browser developer tools or monitoring network traffic? Have you examined SSRS...

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13821161/find-change-tracking-time-in-sql-server

select tc.commit_time, ....
from
changetable(changes <table>, 0) c
join sys.dm_tran_commit_table tc on c.sys_change_version = tc.commit_ts

\r is carriage return. \n is line feed. So typically in Windows you're searching for \r\n