Everything should be good.  If any problems please let me know.

Some day, Jeff, we need to setup a Skype "interview" and see just how well I'd do in an interview with you.

You could still post your problem on one forum and indicate that you have an issue in two separate versions of SQL Server.  This will still keep replies together.

The CHECKSUM of the value returned by NEWID is a signed integer (maybe a big integer, don't recall), so the ABS insures that the number is positive.  Then the MODULO...

Can't find anything, but it looks like hashbytes may be actually treat string inputs as case sensitive.

Again, try this:

select
object_name(sm.object_id) ObjectName
, col.name ColumnName
,ca1.DataType
from
sys.sql_modules sm
inner join sys.columns...

You are welcome.
Plus, you don't know how often the database is blamed for problems that aren't the fault of the database.
In the end, we all have to work...