The first line in your post is a bit confusing - "created a user and a server role and assigned the role to that user"
You would add...

I've read about similar issues when using the GUI to restore a database with secondary file. Not sure how it can be easily addressed in the GUI...

There is actually more information in sys.databases than there is/was in sysdatabases and it's a bit more straightforward - no status bits to deal with. You...

Are you logging your package errors? Sounds like you need to do that to track down the error.
If the XLSM file is open and the...

EXECUTE master.dbo.xp_enum_oledb_providers

Sue

You probably want to check Services and make sure it's running. Do you know what edition of SQL Server was installed? Were you using LocalDB from SSDT?...

It's hard to tell exactly what you are doing where, there aren't too many details and we would have no idea what the number of things you...

Doesn't look like credentials are being passed though. How did you verify the SPN was registered - did you use SetSPN -L to check? Did you check...