You can get that information by reading the Default Trace. Please refer this.

Detailed error logs would be available in the Application/System Event Logs and also in the SetupBootStrap directory.

Are you talking about deleting the backup files or the actual data in the database?

Check

1) if you are running the Setup as an Administrator.

2) if multiple instances on Setup is running

3) clean up left over older installations of SQL Server 2008, if any.

Please navigate to Maintenance Plans and open the Maintenance Plan. Inside that you will have a BACKUP DATABASE task which takes care of the backups.

Adding an output file for the job step will give more information on the failure.

Earlier it was confirmed that the requirement was to grant the Application Role the ALTER LOGIN privileges. ALTER LOGIN privilege is an instance level privilege. Hence the answer.

Please click on the hyperlink and read through...

You need to GRANT ALTER ANY LOGIN permissions to that account. Please refer MSDN.

Cross post. Discussion is on here

These posts are good for getting it started.

http://www.mssqltips.com/tip.asp?tip=1731

http://www.sqlteam.com/forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=71908

Check if the Method 3 listed in this article is applicable to you.

Sorry. Did not get the question. You want the Application Role to have ALTER LOGIN privileges?

May be you have read this already. I would go with any one of the options given in this article.

I second what Jeffrey mentioned. Please run SSMS/Configuration Manager as Administrator.