Further to the comments about in memory structures which are just a big confusion. Any data written to a table will reside in the data cache(memory) as long as it isn't pushed out by something else, for this reason the data from a table variable or a temp table MAY be in the data cache but may not be.

Additionally derived tables are not tables they are merely syntactic sugar for making queries more readable which is the same for CTEs. A worktable may be produced during the query but these can be generated in many different situations and are more about how a query is fulfilled by the query engine.