Great article, both on recognizing what a bookmark is and how to handle it. However, in your text you state that there are 4 methods to counter but only list 3. What is the other one?

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Resolving bookmark lookups

Once you discover the columns responsible for a bookmark lookup, you will need to consider one of four methods that are available to resolve the bookmark lookup.

1. Create a covering index

2. Remove the offending column

3. Convert a non-clustered index into a clustered index

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