thos locations are stored in the registry, and not in any table, or as a property of a server, as far as i know.
...how are you getting them via powershell?
i get them via a TSQL like this:
EXECUTE [master].dbo.xp_instance_regread N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer\MSSQLServer',
N'BackupDirectory';
EXECUTE [master].dbo.xp_instance_regread N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer\MSSQLServer',
N'DefaultData';
EXECUTE [master].dbo.xp_instance_regread N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer\MSSQLServer',
N'DefaultLog';
Lowell