It looks like something along those lines might help (untested due to missing sample data in a ready to use format...):

WITH cte AS

(

SELECT DISTINCT articulo

FROM unknown

)

SELECT

uk.articulo,

uk.bodega,

uk.cant_disponible,

uk.cantidad,

uk.fecha_hora_transac

FROM cte

CROSS APPLY

(

SELECT TOP 1

u.articulo,

u.bodega,

u.cant_disponible,

u.cantidad,

u.fecha_hora_transac

FROM unknown u

INNER JOIN cte ON cte.articulo = u.articulo

ORDER BY u.fecha_hora_transac DESC

)uk

If there's already a normalized table to get the articulo values, use this table instead of the cte.