Yes, the DBCC CHECKDB will create a (hidden) snapshot from the database. Because this is a clompletely automated process, you are not in control about the placement of the files. This could cause free space issues on disk if you have large full disk and a heavily used database.

You can create a snapshot manually and perform the CHECKDB against this manually created snapshot. This gives you the benefit of keeping in control of the (snapshot)files. You could put these files on a seperate disk. This way the CHECKDB will have less performance impact on the disks with the original databasefiles.