EXEC Stored_procedure1 ('abc')

EXEC Stored_procedure1 ('123')

EXEC Stored_procedure1 ('abc112')

Yes. The core of the logic is this:

CASE WHEN <string_value> LIKE '%[^0-9]%' THEN <string> ELSE <int> END

For example:

SELECT

data,

CASE WHEN data LIKE '%[^0-9]%' THEN 'string' ELSE 'int' END AS type

FROM (

SELECT 'abc' AS data UNION ALL

SELECT '123' UNION ALL

SELECT 'abc112'

) AS test_data