Something to get the ball rolling. There are folks here who love date arithmetic and will come up with something quicker and more elegant, but you get the general idea;
;WITH MySampleData AS (
SELECT MyDate = '20120331' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20120401' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20120801' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20121231' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20130331' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20130401' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20130901' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20131231' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20140331' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = '20140401' UNION ALL
SELECT MyDate = GETDATE())
SELECT MyDate, FiscalWeek
FROM MySampleData
CROSS APPLY (SELECT OffsetYear = CASE WHEN MONTH(MyDate) < 4 THEN YEAR(MyDate)-1 ELSE YEAR(MyDate) END) x
CROSS APPLY (SELECT FiscalWeek = 1+DATEDIFF(WK,DATEADD(MM,3,CAST(OffsetYear AS CHAR(4))),MyDate)) y
For fast, accurate and documented assistance in answering your questions, please read this article.
Understanding and using APPLY, (I) and (II) Paul White
Hidden RBAR: Triangular Joins / The "Numbers" or "Tally" Table: What it is and how it replaces a loop Jeff Moden