Agreed Hugo. That should be the case ideally. However probably I was not clear. What i wanted to say here was that the emphasis should be given based on the question's subject. As in this scenario the question was for IFF category in SQL 2012 environment. The different cases of value ('r' or 'R') may raise doubt in mind but in such case obviously we should go with default settings. Maybe I'm thinking too liberal on this. 🙂