If you're looking to detect package failures, you'll want to read up on error handling and Logging in SSIS. You'll also want to look into Event Handlers and Checkpoints. These can help you detect and resume from the point of failure or take other actions depending upon your specific needs.

Also read up on system variables. There are a number of useful ones that can give you all kinds of information for package failures. Derived columns, OLE DB Command transformations or Script Components can be used to create and update rows in an output using these variables. They all have their advantages and disadvantages, so use what fits your needs.