I think you want something like this?

UPDATE {table}

SET [Col 2]=(SELECT [Col 2] FROM {table} WHERE [Col 1]=10000)

, [Col 3]=(SELECT [Col 3] FROM {table} WHERE [Col 1]=10000)

, [Col 4]=(SELECT [Col 4] FROM {table} WHERE [Col 1]=10000)

Edit: Misread this. And I am assuming [Col 1] is unique.