looks like modify_date in sys.objects updates rebuild date&time. but no further details available in system view on what caused that modifiation.

In short: answer to your question is no.

create database test_reindex

go

use test_reindex

go

create table reindex_test(col1 int primary key, col2 int)

go

create index nci_col2 on reindex_test(col2)

go

select * from sys.indexes where OBJECT_NAME(object_id) = 'reindex_test'

select create_date, modify_date from sys.objects where name = 'reindex_test'

alter index PK__reindex___357D0D3E7F60ED59 on reindex_test rebuild

select create_date, modify_date from sys.objects where name = 'reindex_test'

alter index nci_col2 on reindex_test rebuild

select create_date, modify_date from sys.objects where name = 'reindex_test'