Did you find a fix for this? We are having the same issue. Sometimes the job will work and other times (as in other days, same time) it won't. Actually we have been having this on a number of our jobs. We were able to get the same error when running manually as well (i.e. job fails, adjusted job time and still failed, manually run code in job and it fails, manually run code in job and it works) -- no rhyme or reason can be found yet. Instead it returns:

Msg 22050, Sev 16, State 1: Error formatting query, probably invalid parameters [SQLSTATE 42000]

We are passing variables to the same sproc.