WITH
cteGroupedDates AS
(SELECT UniqueDate = SomeDate,
        DaysSkipped  = DATEDIFF(dd, MinDate, DATEADD(dd, - ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SomeDate), SomeDate) + 1)
  FROM #MyHead
  CROSS JOIN (SELECT MIN(SomeDate) AS MinDate FROM #MyHead) m
  GROUP BY MinDate, SomeDate
)
 SELECT StartDate = MIN(UniqueDate),
        EndDate   = MAX(UniqueDate),
        Days      = DATEDIFF(dd,MIN(UniqueDate),MAX(UniqueDate))+1,
        DaysSkipped
   FROM cteGroupedDates
  GROUP BY DaysSkipped
  ORDER BY StartDate
;

StartDate               EndDate                 Days        DaysSkipped
----------------------- ----------------------- ----------- -----------
2010-01-01 00:00:00.000 2010-01-01 00:00:00.000 1           0
2010-01-03 00:00:00.000 2010-01-03 00:00:00.000 1           1
2010-01-05 00:00:00.000 2010-01-06 00:00:00.000 2           2
2010-01-10 00:00:00.000 2010-01-12 00:00:00.000 3           5