SELECT  s.name AS [schema_name],
        t.name AS table_name,
        c.name AS column_name
FROM    sys.schemas s
        INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
        INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
ORDER BY s.name,
        t.name,
        c.column_id;

WITH    schema_cte
          AS (
              SELECT    [schema_id],
                        name AS [schema_name]
              FROM      sys.schemas
             ),
        table_cte
          AS (
              SELECT    s.[schema_id],
                        s.schema_name,
                        t.[object_id],
                        t.name AS table_name
              FROM      schema_cte s
                        INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
             ),
        column_cte
          AS (
              SELECT    t.schema_name,
                        t.table_name,
                        c.name AS column_name,
                        c.column_id
              FROM      table_cte t
                        INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
             )
    SELECT  [schema_name],
            table_name,
            column_name
    FROM    column_cte
    ORDER BY [schema_name],
            table_name,
            column_id;