The complexity of the problem means that a derived column solution is unlikely to be practical.
A Script Component would allow you to write code with as much complexity as you need, to handle the various combinations you have described, as long as you can come up with a set of logic rules to apply in order to perform the parsing.
If you haven't even tried to resolve your issue, please don't expect the hard-working volunteers here to waste their time providing links to answers which you could easily have found yourself.