JBailey, I don't know if it's as simple as that, but I think in general we tend to see a focus on just storing the data and not on using all the other things that can insure both data integrity and performance. Not necessarily fair to expect a developer to know all those things, but if they don't, then it's a mistake not to engage a DBA to assist. The good news in your example is that those fixes are fairly cheap compared to changing table design.