Views are DML(data manipulation langauge) statements that moves columns from many tables for easy access of data while Materialized Views is Oracle implementation of Views that uses the UNION ALL operator which by ANSI SQL definition are not updateable but because it uses partition are actually updateable. The Microsoft implementation starts from SQL Server 2000 and are called Partitioned Views. Check the links below for details.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190019.aspx

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187956.aspx