In an MDB/MDE you can try setting the filter parameters (in the Report properties) - for example;
Record Source: select * from myPassThroughQuery;
Filter: myColumnName=Forms!frmWaterQuality!StartTime
Filter On: Yes
Note - anytime you enter/amend the Record Source property, the Filter property is cleared and must be reset.
Depending on the size of the result set, this can be a bit slow. The SQL pass-through query is executed on the SQL server, with the results returned to Access where the filter is applied - so you can be returning a large result set to the client that Access must then filter.
If you are using an ADP/ADE there is an equivalent property called 'Input Parameters', which has a similar syntax.
HTH
Chris