I think I'd do this:

SELECT

c.name AS ColumnName,

t.name + CASE WHEN T.NAME LIKE '%char%'

THEN CASE WHEN C.max_length > 0 THEN '(' + CAST(c.max_length AS VARCHAR(3)) + ')'

ELSE '(max)'

END

WHEN T.NAME LIKE '%binary' AND

C.max_length > 0 THEN '(' + CAST(c.max_length AS VARCHAR(3)) + ')'

ELSE ''

END AS ColumnDataType,

c.precision,

c.scale

FROM

sys.all_columns c

JOIN sys.types t

ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id