Sorry to be blunt but if you're asked these question in a job interview and you cannot address them (after some followup questions because some of them are vague), than this is probably not the job for you.

As pointed out above, some of the questions are about broad topics that are not best addressed in a forum reply. If you are interested in learning these topics, you can look through the Articles section of this site, where some of these topics are described in great detail.