Lot of debate to be had regarding the benefits of physical vs virtual for SQL. Personally I'd choose virtual 95% of the time. You will get slightly better performance from a physical server but given the advances in technology the different will be minor. There are many benefits to virtualisation including the speed of spinning up a new VM compared to a physical server, easier resource allocation/monitoring, cost and easier migration if you ever need to move it. The remaining 5% for me would be if you had an application that was very resource intensive, then you might benefit from the slight performance increase the physical server provides.
The version and resources depend very much on your requirements. If you require the extra features of enterprise then you'll need it. Otherwise go for standard. Disk space will very much depend on how big your files are. However make sure you have enough for potential growth in the future. I would however suggest keeping your data, logs and tempDB on separate physical drives.
In terms of memory you can never really have too much. SQL is very greedy when it comes to memory and it's a good idea to give it as much as you can spare. The ideal would be to have as much memory as the total size of all data files but depending on the size and function of the databases this might not be realistic or overkill. However, be generous.
As for the database, firstly make sure you name it something logical and easy to understand. I'd suggest something like "ApplicationName_Environment". Follow the standard rule of giving the minimal amount of access necessary for a user to complete the work and setup a new schema for security purposes, along with roles to control these permissions. Also make sure to set the sizing properly (size needed + 20% is a good starting point) and keep on top of it as it grows.
I'd suggest getting a standard 'new instance' and 'new database' document created and make sure anyone fulfilling one of these tasks follows it. It will help keep your entire estate coherent and ensure nothing is missed.
Good luck.