A few examples I have run into during the last few years:

A DB application that is designed to interact with an external system, using an interface to get information (e.g. current usage of an account) and change information (new accounts, usage caps, etc). The interface is API based - a single call for a single account. I needed a lot of cursors for that customer!

A different DB application that had a list of procedure execution rules in a configuration table. At set times, it would analyse what events had taken place (setbased), determine which procedures had to run based on that (setbased), determine the proper execution order (setbased), and then call each of the procedures that, again in setbased fashion, would process the appropriate changes. The bit where the procedures were called was cursor-based.

And then there are of course the many utility procedures used by DAs. Ever tried to create an index maintenance script that does not use a cursor or other form of iteration?