The table you gave us has

create table

.

.

[WEEKDAY_NUMBER] [int] NOT NULL,

.

.

INSERT INTO Date (DAY_WID, DAY_Date)

VALUES ('19000101','19000101') --9999-12-31 failed

Since you are not inserting into weekday_number, the insert must break.

This will not break if you have a default constraint on weekday_number.